S1: Somatic Sensation Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• What does the fasciculus gracilis contain?
• Which tracts are part of the pyramidal system?
• Where do these pathways cross over?
• What is the correct definition of a dermatome?
• What kind of fibers is the DMCL chiefly made from?
• Somatic preganglionic axons are typically _______ and ________. Therefore have a ______ conduction velocity.
• A receptive field is the area of skin innervated by a primary neuron. Which statement best describes a typical feature of receptive fields?
• Phasic receptors respond chiefly to what aspect of stimuli?
• The Anterolateral spinothalamic tract is responsible for?
• Where do most pain axons project?
• Where are Meissner's and Merkel's receptors more abundant?
• Injury to skin can cause release of inflammatory mediators such as...
• True/false: We have distinct receptors to detect cold temps and warm temps.
• What is the purpose of the muscle spindle?
• Interoreceptors are also known as visceral receptors.
• Adaptation involves both _________ and ___________ processing.
• In the DCML pathway where is the tertiary neuron synapses occurring?
• Which type of receptor has the slowest conduction velocity?
• Which statement best summarizes how pain is characterized?
• Which statement about signal conduction in the nervous system is true?
• Cerebellar pathways are always ipsilateral.
• What are tonic receptors?
• Adjacent receptive fields may overlap. Which statement best describes this phenomenon?
• Which type of receptor detects surface stimuli?
• Sensory transduction is best described as:
• Which of the following statements is true regarding receptor distribution in the fingertips?
• Which statement correctly characterizes the relationship between stimulus and sensation?
• Which of the following is NOT a way intensity is coded by the sensory system?
• Which pathway carries vibration and proprioception?
• Chemical nociceptors respond to which of the following stimuli?
• Temperature receptors are typically what types of fibers?
• Cold receptors detect firing rate changes toward which temperature, and what happens below about 10°C?
• In the spinal cord, the DCML tract travels within which structure before it reaches the medulla?
• Which statement about pyramidal tracts is true?
• Polymodal nociceptors respond to what types of stimuli?
• Which ascending tract is primarily responsible for discriminative touch and proprioception from the limbs to the brain?
• Which classification describes pain that persists long after tissue healing is complete?
• Which type of receptor is more likely to respond briefly and then stop firing if a constant stimulus continues?
• What information does the Lateral spinothalamic tract relay?
• The primary sensory neuron may also be the ______________.
• Proprioceptors provide information about which aspects of the body?
• What does somatic sensation include?
• Among somatic nerve fibers, which statement is true about preganglionic and postganglionic conduction velocities?
• Which pathway carries crude touch and temperature?
• What are gamma motoneurons?
• What are examples of special receptors?
• The intensity of a sense is defined as:
• Which statement about nociceptors and thermoreceptors conduction velocities is correct?
• Postganglionic fibers are typically ________ and __________; leading to a ________ conduction velocity.
• Which sensory modality has the fastest conduction velocity?
• Which cues are used by the brain to localize sound?
• What does convergence allow at the secondary sensory neuron?
• What is the second way intensity is coded by the sensory system?
• What is convergence of sensory neuron receptive fields?
• Which aspect of body sensation are somatic receptors primarily responsible for?
• Which of the following are the four ascending tracts?
• In which tissue would you find no nociceptors?
• What is the first way intensity is coded by the sensory system?
• Pain is characterized by which features?
• The greater convergence, there is a decrease in two-point discrimination. Which option correctly completes this statement?
• Krause end bulbs detect cold; Ruffini endings detect warmth. Which option best reflects this pairing?
• Where are Pacinian corpuscles found?
• Where is the first order neuron cell body in the anterolateral system?
• Nociceptors are found in which tissues?
• Where do pain signals undergo final processing?
• Which receptor is described as encapsulated and rapidly adapting for two-point discrimination and pressure in non-hairy skin?
• Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of motor tracts?
• Which sequence correctly describes the facial touch pathway from primary neuron to cortex?
• Ruffini's end organs are best described as which?
• Conduction velocity values for DCML vs ALS
• Which statement is false?
• Which type of receptor has the fastest conduction velocity?
• If many primary sensory neurons converge onto a single secondary neuron, what happens to the receptive field size of the secondary neuron?
• What are interoreceptors?
• Which statement best describes how temperature sensitivity varies across the skin?
• Which of the following is a photoreceptor?
• The mechanism behind referred pain involves convergence onto which spinal structure?
• Which structure houses the first-order neuron of the DCML pathway?
• Exteroceptors are receptors that detect surface stimuli.
• In the dorsal column-medial lemniscus (DCML) pathway, the somatotopic organization from head to bottom in the dorsal cord is:
• Which type of receptor has an intermediate conduction velocity?
• Which statement about receptor potentials and action potentials is supported by the material?
• Which sensory modality is prioritized by the body over pain and temperature, contributing to faster conduction velocity?
• The DCML somatosensory pathways ascend in what manner?
• Afferent fibers responsible for pain transmission to the spinal cord are called what?
• Which part of the body has the worst two-point discrimination?
• Which pathway carries unconscious proprioceptive information from muscles to the cerebellum?
• How does the Anterolateral pathway ascend?
• The somatotopic organization of the visual cortex is described as:
• What are the different types of nociceptors?
• When does the Anterolateral pathway cross over and synapse?
• In somatosensory terms, the location of a stimulus is referred to as:
• Referred pain refers to pain in the skin due to visceral sensation. Which term best describes this phenomenon?
• Corticospinal tracts are motor tracts that usually decussate in which structure, giving rise to their pyramidal motor tract name?
• When does the DCML pathway cross over and synapse?
• Somatic postganglionic axons are typically ________ and __________. Therefore have a __________ conduction velocity.
• How small a temperature change can some people detect?
• Which of the following is NOT a listed type of somatic neuron?
• The duration of a sense refers to:
• The DCML pathway remains on the same side as the receptor until it reaches the medulla where it crosses.
• Corticospinal tracts are motor tracts that usually decussate in the medullary pyramids.
• In areas where neighboring receptive fields overlap significantly, discrimination between two close touch points tends to be:
• The intensity and quality of pain are influenced by what properties of the fibers mediating pain?
• The two main descending tracts are
• Which statement best describes the characteristics of pain?
• Meissner's corpuscles are best described as what kind of receptors and where are they located?
• What are the pyramidal motor tracts responsible for?
• What is the somatotopic organization of the temporal cortex?
• Meissner's corpuscles are located in the dermal papillae and detect light touch.
• Two-point discrimination is influenced by the degree of convergence of primary sensory inputs. Which factor best explains variability in discrimination?
• Which statement correctly distinguishes tonic and phasic receptors?
• Somatic sensation usually describes sensations arising from the skin.
• Which receptor is located in the dermal papillae, corresponding to fingerprint sensitivity?
• Non-corticospinal motor tracts are often termed?
• What is sensory adaptation?
• Which modalities are detected by Krause end bulbs and Ruffini endings, respectively?
• Where do we find the best 2-point discrimination?
• Which secondary receptive field size is better for 2-point discrimination?
• What is two-point discrimination?
• What information does the anterior spinothalamic tract relay?
• Most motor tracts begin and end with which pattern?
• Which receptor is most closely associated with two-point discrimination in non-hairy skin?
• What is lateral line inhibition?
• An example of sensory adaptation is going nose blind to a smell. Which option best represents this phenomenon?
• What does the fasciculus cuneatus contain?
• Anterolateral pathway contralateral in the ventral cord.
• Which region tags pain according to severity?
• Tonotopic maps refer to the organization of which sensory modality?
• In general sensory pathways, to which brain regions do impulses ascend before CNS integration?
• In the ascending tracts of the anterolateral cord, somatotopy is from bottom to head (lateral to medial).
• Merkel cells are located in which skin layer?
• Which region differentiates pain from other sensations?
• Pacinian corpuscles are found in which layer of the skin?
• Which statement best describes tonic receptors?
• What vascular change accompanies tissue inflammation after skin injury?
• How is pain clinically classified?
• Free nerve endings are primarily used for which sensations?
• In the auditory system, which cells generate receptor potentials in response to mechanical stimulation?
• Where are spinal cord tracts located?
• What are pseudounipolar neurons?
• Which of the following is NOT a skin receptor type listed?
• Which structure functions as the dorsal root ganglion for the face?
• How are tracts named?
• Which receptors provide information about body position without visual cues?
• Pain is linked to which physiological changes?
• Modality is determined by which of the following?
• Which fibers carry dull, burning pain?
• What are examples of somatic receptors?
• What is the function of the DCML?
• Which of the following accurately describes warmth detection by receptors?
• In the facial touch pathway, the primary neurons in the trigeminal ganglion synapse with second-order neurons in which structure?
• Where does the anterolateral pathway cross to the opposite side?
• Skin and visceral ________ converge on the same neuron in the cord.
• Which tract contains axons from the upper body and arms?
• Modality refers to:
• What is the term for the minimum membrane potential change required to trigger an action potential?
• Which organ allows sharks to hear vibrations throughout their body?
• Which statement correctly describes phasic receptors?
• The first-order neuron in the DCML pathway resides in the dorsal root ganglion.
• Receptor potentials vary with stimulus strength because they are which type of potentials?
• Dermatomes are used for which purpose?
• What are extrapyramidal tracts responsible for?
• Warmth receptors detect temperatures beginning above what temperature and increase firing toward which value, before becoming painful?
• The spinocerebellar tract is responsible for?
• Which type of fibers are involved in transmitting pain signals that can lead to referred pain?
• Where does the second neuron decussate in the facial touch pathway?
• Somatic pathways may be _____________ or ______________.
• Among the sensory fiber classes Ia, Ib, II, III, and IV, how does conduction velocity change?
• ___________ potentials can elicit production of __________ potentials that are communicated to CNS.
• Synesthesia may result from neural cross-processing of sensory information, such as hearing colors or perceiving numbers as colors. Which of the following best describes synesthesia?
• The dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway projects to which side of the somatosensory cortex?
• Which sensations are transmitted by the Anterolateral pathway?
• What system is largely discrete from other sensations?
• Which is faster, the DCML or Anterolateral?
• Referred pain occurs because the brain misinterprets visceral input as coming from which area?
• Polymodal nociceptors contain which types of fibers?
• Are most senses more tonic or phasic?
• Which statement about spinal tracts is false?
• Where does olfactory information project?
• Why do muscle spindles also have motor innervation?
• The greater the convergence the poorer the discrimination. Which statement is correct?
• The Anterolateral system/spinothalamic tract chiefly made from which fiber types?
• Which statement correctly describes the DCML and Anterolateral pathways in terms of site of ascent on the body?
• Which statement about TRP receptors and pain modalities is true?
• Compare DC-ML and Anterolateral based on size:
• What is the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway responsible for?
• Fast A delta fibers are associated with which type of pain?
• Referred pain is the perception of visceral sensations in which location?
• In sensory terms, what is meant by the term origin?
• What is the most common theory explaining referred pain?
• What is the main difference between Merkel's disks and Meissner's corpuscles?
• What does special sensation include?
• Referred pain is best defined as pain originating in the viscera that is perceived on the surface of the body.
• What is the third way intensity is coded by the sensory system?
• In referred pain, the pain is typically perceived in a region of skin that corresponds to which anatomical reference?
• The DCML is associated with which modalities?
• Which description summarizes how pain signals are processed in the brain?
• What else can affect 2-point discrimination?
• Hyperalgesia is best described as?
• Which description best defines nociceptors?
• Which receptors are more abundant in the fingertips?
• With special senses, how do receptor cells communicate with associated sensory neurons?
• A receptor potential is best described as:
• What can sound localization be slightly influenced by?
• The inflammatory soup released after tissue injury includes which components?
• Which ascending tract conveys pain and temperature?
• How is information in the nervous system conducted?
• Which tract contains axons from the legs and lower body?
• Where is the muscle spindle located?
• AP's only fire when the receptor potentials sum to exceed the __________.
• The thalamus relays somatosensory information to which cortical region?
• What receptor type has a larger receptor field?
• Which statement best describes pseudounipolar neurons?
• Equilibrium pathways are characterized by which of the following?
• Where do somatosensory pathways generally carry signals?
• Where do auditory stimuli generate receptor potentials?
• The modality of a signal is determined by which factor?
• Synesthesia may involve cross-activation between sensory areas, leading to experiences such as hearing colors when seeing numbers. Which statement describes this phenomenon most accurately?
• Sensory tracts are _______________ pathways, while motor tracts are ______________ pathways.
• After synapsing in the thalamus, DCML information is sent to which brain region for conscious perception?
• What makes up the pyramidal tracts?
• What makes up the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway?
• The amplitude or strength of a sense is called: